The architecture of Japanese temples and shrines
Japan is full of shrines and temples in both big cities and small towns. And no matter how far apart they are from each other, they all follow the same construction scheme .
Shrines and temples are built in different architectural styles that can often be distinguished by the shape of the roof . These styles are generally referred to as “ zukuri “, which derives from the Japanese word “ tsukuru “, to build or make. The architecture of shrines and temples changes over time, being influenced by both distinctive Chinese architecture and Buddhist styles. These are some of the most prominent styles.
Shinmei-zukuri
This style is based on simplicity and is derived from the ancient Japanese building style, its roots going back to the Kofun period (250–538). Constructed of unfinished wood, Shinmei-zukuri shrines are further distinguished by the gabled roof with decorative logs called “ chigi “ and “ katsuogi “, as well as the raised floor.
Taisha-zukuri
This is the oldest style regarding Shinto shrine architecture and is easily confused with the shinmei-zukuri style. Its origin comes from the old ways of building houses and warehouses. It is characteristic for its unique and distinctive central pillar called shin no mihashira , its gabled roof, as well as the decorative logs that can also be found in shinmei-zukuri . The most famous shrine built in this style is the Izumo Taisha , hence its name. The famous Izumo-taisha , located in Shimane Prefecture , is built in a slight variation on the classical Taisha-zukuri style in that the shrine’s beautiful gabled roof is curved rather than straight.
There are certain characteristic decorations, buildings, and ornaments found on the buildings of shrines and temples throughout Japan. These are the most common:
Torii 鳥居
The torii (lit. bird gate) marks the entrance to a Shinto shrine and thus separates the sacred realm of the kami (gods). and the world of mortals. While there may be more than one, such as the Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine in Kyoto, almost all shrines have at least one torii . When you pass a torii , be sure to do so from the side, as the kami are believed to pass through the center.
